LTE, WiMAX & Femtocell White Papers

• Femtocell Network Architecture

  Airvana - Connecting femtocells to operator networks requires unique architectures that address the security needs of operators and mobile users and support the deployment of scalable femtocel

• Femtocell Radio Technology

  Airvana - Femtocells are intelligent cellular access points that support any mobile device using standard cellular air interfaces, such as UMTS, CDMA2000 and LTE.

• Transition to 4G

  Rysavy’s report, Transition to 4G explains and analyzes the evolution of EDGE, HSPA enhancements, 3GPP LTE, the capabilities of these technologies and their position relative to other primary compe

• Motorola's WiMAX Single RAN Solution

  Motorola's WiMAX Evolution solution allows operators to upgrade existing WiMAX 802.16e / 802.16e Enhanced networks to 802.16m or TD-LTEⁱ or to add LTE to their existing WiMAX networks.

• Transition to 4G: 3GPP Broadband Evolution to IMT-Advanced

  This Rysavy’s report explains and analyzes the evolution of EDGE, HSPA enhancements, 3GPP LTE, the capabilities of these technologies and their position relative to other primary competing technolo

• WiMAX: A Way Forward in India

  India is a huge market for broadband wireless services and offers immediate and enormous potential for growth.

• WiMAX Migration from Release 1 to Release 2

  The WiMAX Forum is accelerating its development efforts to produce Release 2 equipment based on the upcoming IEEE Standard 802.16m.

• Push/Pull Business Models

  Cisco IBSG experts discuss an interesting new business model that can help create significant incremental value for service providers with the successful implementation of a "Service Provider Push"

• Femtocells: Implementing a Better Business Model To Increase SP Profitability

  Femtocell offerings have been based on what the Cisco Internet Business Solutions Group (IBSG) calls the “Consumer Pull” model.

• Transforming to a Sustainable Wireless Business Model Building optimized strategies for LTE transformation

  To meet the ever-increasing demands for more bandwidth, flexibility and reliability, mobile service providers will soon have to make the move to 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks.

• SCTP Fast Path Optimization for 3G/LTE Networks

  Long Term Evolution (LTE), a whole new “4th Generation” mobile radio access network (RAN) technology, promises higher data rates – 100Mbps in the downlink and 50Mbps in the uplink in LTE’s first ph

• ng Connect Program Overview

  Advancing the Next Generation Ecosystem Proving that a Connected World starts with LTE

• 4G Mobile Network & Applications

  4G Mobile Technologies

  An IEEE Comsoc Indonesia Chapter Lecture

• Presentation of the LTE network Yota in Kazan

  (In Russian) Presentation of the LTEⁱ network Yota in Kazan on 30 August 2010. Journalists' question Yota CEO Denis Sverdlov

• IPv6 Consideration in LTE

  IPv6 Consideration in LTE - Autonomic Mobility (w PMIPv6) & Resource

Visit LteWorld for more white papers.

Timing Advance (TA) in LTE

In GSM system MS sends its data three time slots after it received the data from the BTS. This is ok as long as MS-BTS distance is small but increasing distance requires consideration of propagation delay as well. To handle it Timing advance (TA) is conveyed by network to MS and current value is sent to the MS within the layer 1 header of each SACCH. BTS calculates the first TA when it receives RACH and reports it to the BSC and BSC/BTS passes it to UE during Immediate Assignment.

In UMTS Timing Advance parameter was not used but in LTE Timing Advance is back.

In LTE, when UE wish to establish RRC connection with eNB, it transmits a Random Access Preamble, eNB estimates the transmission timing of the terminal based on this. Now eNB transmits a Random Access Response which consists of timing advance command, based on that UE adjusts the terminal transmit timing.

The timing advance is initiated from E-UTRAN with MAC message that implies and adjustment of the timing advance.

3GPP TA Requirements

• Timing Advance adjustment delay

UE shall adjust the timing of its uplink transmission timing at sub-frame n+6 for a timing advancement command received in sub-frame n.

• Timing Advance adjustment accuracy

The UE shall adjust the timing of its transmissions with a relative accuracy better than or equal to ±4* TS seconds to the signalled timing advance value compared to the timing of preceding uplink transmission. The timing advance command is expressed in multiples of 16* TS and is relative to the current uplink timing.

Maintenance of Uplink Time Alignment

The UE has a configurable timer timeAlignmentTimer which is used to control how long the UE is considered uplink time aligned

• when a Timing Advance Command MAC control element is received then UE applies the Timing Advance Command and start or restart timeAlignmentTimer.
• when a Timing Advance Command is received in a Random Access Response message then one of following action is performed by UE

- if the Random Access Preamble was not selected by UE MAC then UE applies the Timing Advance Command and starts or restarts timeAlignmentTimer.

- else if the timeAlignmentTimer is not running then UE applies the Timing Advance Command starts timeAlignmentTimer; when the contention resolution is considered not successful then UE stops timeAlignmentTimer.

- else ignore the received Timing Advance Command.

• when timeAlignmentTimer expires UE flushes all HARQ buffers, notifies RRC to release PUCCH/SRS and clears any configured downlink assignments and uplink grants.

Timing Advance Command MAC Control Element

The Timing Advance Command MAC control element is identified by MAC PDU subheader with LCID value = 11101 (Timing Advance Command) .

It has a fixed size and it consists of a single octet as show below.

Timing Advance Command MAC control element has following fields.

• R: reserved bit, set to "0"
• Timing Advance Command: This field indicates the index value TA (0, 1, 2… 63) used to control the amount of timing adjustment that UE has to. The length of the field is 6 bits.

Source: 3GPP specifications (36.133 & 36.321)

source: LteWorld

LTE & Femtocell White Papers

• LTE Evolved Packet System Architecture

  LTE enables you to redefine the end-user experience with the most advanced packet-based solution in the industry.

• CDMA and LTE: Making the most of wireless broadband

  Alcatel-Lucent - An overview of strategies, issues and opportunities

• Traffic Management Techniques for Mobile Broadband Networks: Living in an Orthogonal World

  The 3G Americas report focuses on 3GPP networks and concerns itself specifically with traffic management, including the handling of traffic flows on 3GPP networks in contrast with other network man

• Field trials of LTE with 4×4 MIMO

  The Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard for mobile broadband includes multi-antenna transmission modes that improve performance in terms of coverage, spectral efficiency and peak throughput.

• Winning the race for the home with 3G femto

  Nokia Siemens Networks - In contrast to conventional indoor coverage solutions for large public and office buildings, 3G femtocells are massmarket and consumer-friendly because they afford the kind

• Evolving to LTE – Cisco’s Seamless Migration for UMTS Operators

  This paper will outline how mobile operators can prepare their networks to support 4G broadband services that will improve the user experience and yield new revenue opportunities.

• TD-LTE: Exciting Alternative, Global Momentum

  This white paper addresses TD-LTE’s physical layer, performance, applicable spectrum, differences from FDD and its global momentum, while answering questions operators, regulators, license holders

• Femtocells – Natural Solution for Offload

  This white paper offers an in-depth explanation of how femtocell offload allows operators to cost-effectively manage the rise in mobile data usage while also providing the highest possible quality

• Femtocell Deployment Guide

  This guide from Epitiro is intended for Network Managers, Network Architects and those involved in providing end-to-end system (E2E) monitoring who need a better understanding of how APbased voice

• Femtocell Technologies for Providing New Services at Home

  NTT DOCOMO has developed a femtocell system that is attracting attention around the world because it not only can expand coverage areas inside the house and off-load macro cell traffic to femtocell

Benefits Of Self-Organising Networks

Benefits Of Self-Organising Networks

View more presentations from Zahid Ghadialy.

Recent LTE White Papers

• The essential aspects of LTE's PHY

  Frank Rayal, Telesystem Innovations - The design of the LTE physical layer (PHY) is heavily influenced by requirements for high peak transmission rate (100 Mbps DL/50 Mbps UL), spectral efficiency,

• Recognising the Promise of Mobile Broadband

  Data traffic levels are rising inexorably, as a smart new generation of terminal devices drives uptake of bandwidth-hungry services delivered over today’s mobile broadband networks.

• LTE – Simplifying the Migration to 4G Networks

  Over the past two decades, the way people communicate, stay informed, and are entertained has changed dramatically.

• Diameter Proxy and Relay Agents in Next Generation LTE and EPC

  We are now seeing tremendous acceleration in the adoption of mobile broadband services.

  More available at http://lteworld.org/recent-whitepapers

Open radio equipment interface (ORI)

Open radio equipment interface (ORI)

View more presentations from Zahid Ghadialy.

Long Term Evolution (LTE) Basics

An excellent webinar presented by Rohde & Schwarz on the basics of Long Term Evolution (LTE) a year ago.

 

Part 01 - LTE Introduction

Part 02 - LTE Parameters and Downlink Modulation

Part 03 - OFDMA and Downlink Frame Structure Details

Part 04 - SC-FDMA and LTE Uplink

Part 05 - Network and Protocol Architecture

Part 06 - Channel Mapping and UE Categories

Part 07 - Initial Cell Search and Cell Selection

Part 08 - System Information

Part 09 - Random Access Procedures and EPS Bearer Setup

Part 10 - Uplink Channels and Signals

Part 11 - LTE Mobility and MIMO Introduction

Part 12 - Downlink and Uplink MIMO in LTE

Part 13 - eNodeB and UE Performance Requirements

Part 14 - UE Certification and Field Trials

 

• Part 01 - LTE Introduction
• Part 02 - LTE Parameters and Downlink Modulation
• Part 03 - OFDMA and Downlink Frame Structure Details
• Part 04 - SC-FDMA and LTE Uplink
• Part 05 - Network and Protocol Architecture
• Part 06 - Channel Mapping and UE Categories
• Part 07 - Initial Cell Search and Cell Selection
• Part 08 - System Information
• Part 09 - Random Access Procedures and EPS Bearer Setup
• Part 10 - Uplink Channels and Signals
• Part 11 - LTE Mobility and MIMO Introduction
• Part 12 - Downlink and Uplink MIMO in LTE
• Part 13 - eNodeB and UE Performance Requirements
• Part 14 - UE Certification and Field Trials

 

For more information please visit http://www.rohde-schwarz.com